Full Table of Contents

Contents

About This Guide

What This Guide Contains

What You Should Know Before Reading This Guide

Suggestions for Further Reading

Conventions Used in This Guide

1. - About the MIPSpro Compiler System

2. - Using the MIPSpro Compiler System

Selecting a Compiler

Using Command-Line Options

Setting an Environment Variable

Object File Format and Dynamic Linking

Executable and Linking Format

Dynamic Shared Objects

Position-Independent Code

Source File Considerations

Source File Naming Conventions

Header Files

Specifying a Header File

Creating a Header File for Multiple Languages

Using Precompiled Headers in C and C++

About Precompiled Headers

Automatic Precompiled Header Processing

Other Ways to Control Precompiled Headers

PCH Performance Issues

Compiler Drivers

Default Behavior for Compiler Drivers

General Options for Compiler Drivers

Linking

Invoking the Linker Manually

Linker Syntax

Linker Example

Linking Assembly Language Programs

Linking Libraries

Specifying Libraries and DSOs

Examples of Linking DSOs

Linking to Previously Built Dynamic Shared Objects

Linking Multilanguage Programs

Finding an Unresolved Symbol With ld

Debugging

Getting Information About Object Files

Disassembling Object Files with dis

dis Syntax

dis Options

Listing Parts of DWARF Object Files With dwarfdump

dwarfdump Syntax

dwarfdump Options

Listing Parts of ELF Object Files and Libraries with elfdump

elfdump Syntax

elfump Options

Determining File Type with file

file Syntax

file Example

Listing Symbol Table Information: nm

nm Syntax

nm Symbol Table Options

nm Example of Obtaining a Symbol Table Listing

Determining Section Sizes with size

size Syntax

size Options

size Example

Removing Symbol Table and Relocation Bits with strip

strip Syntax

Using the Archiver to Create Libraries

ar Syntax

ar Options

ar Examples

3. - Using Dynamic Shared Objects

Benefits of Using DSOs

Using DSOs

DSOs vs. Archive Libraries

Using QuickStart

Guidelines for Using Shared Libraries

Choosing Library Members

Tuning Shared Library Code

Taking Advantage of QuickStart

Building DSOs

Creating DSOs

Making DSOs Self-Contained

Controlling Symbols to Be Exported or Loaded

Using DSOs With C++

Using Registry Files

Registry File Format

Directive Lines

Shared Object Specification Lines

Run-Time Linking

Searching for DSOs at Run Time

Run-Time Symbol Resolution

Compiling with -Bsymbolic

Converting Libraries to DSOs

Dynamic Loading Under Program Control

Versioning of DSOs

The Versioning Mechanism

What Is a Version?

Building a Shared Library Using Versioning

Example of Versioning

4. - Using the Performance Tools

Overview of Profiling

Profiling With prof

Running the Profiler

prof Syntax

prof Defaults

prof Options

pc Sampling

Obtaining pc Sampling

Creating Multiple Profile Data Files

pc Sampling Frequency

Examples of Using prof to Obtain pc Sampling Analysis Data

Example Using prof -pcsample

Basic Block Counting

Using pixie

pixie Syntax

pixie Options

Obtaining Basic Block Counts

Examples of Basic Block Counting

Example Using prof -pixie -invocations

Example Using prof -pixie -heavy

Example Using prof -pixie -lines

Example Using prof -pixie -quit

Example Using prof -pixie -procedures

Example Using prof -pixie -procedures -clock

Example Using prof -pixie -dis

Summing Basic Block Count Results From Multiple Runs

Inclusive Basic Block Counting

Syntax

Example of prof -gprof -pixie

Profiling Multiprocessed Executables

Rearranging Procedures With cord

cord Syntax

cord Options

Example Using cord

5. - Optimizing Program Performance

Optimization Overview

Benefits of Optimization

Optimization and Debugging

Using the Optimization Options

Optimization Options

Controlling Floating Point Optimization

-OPT:roundoff=n

-OPT:IEEE_arithmetic=n

Other Options to Control Floating Point Behavior

Debugging Floating-Point Problems

Controlling Miscellaneous Optimizations

Controlling Loop Unrolling

Controlling Global Code Motion

Controlling Software Pipelining

Controlling the Target Architecture

Controlling the Target Environment

Improving Global Optimization

Overview of the Global Optimizer

Optimizing C and Fortran Programs

Optimizing C Programs

Example of Pointer Placement and Aliasing

Improving Other Optimization

C and Fortran Programs

C Programs Only

Register Allocation

6. - Coding for 64-Bit Programs

Coding Assumptions to Avoid

sizeof(int) == sizeof(void *)

sizeof(int) == sizeof(long)

sizeof(long) == 4

sizeof(void *) == 4

Implicitly Declared Functions

Constants With the High-Order Bit Set

Arithmetic with long Types

Solving Porting Problems

Guidelines for Writing Code for 64-Bit Silicon Graphics Platforms

7. - Porting Code to N32 and 64-Bit Silicon Graphics Systems

Compatibility

N32 Porting Guidelines

Porting Environment

Source Code Changes

Build Procedure

Runtime Issues

Porting Code to 64-Bit Silicon Graphics Systems

Using Data Types

Using Predefined Types

Using Typedefs

Using Large Files With XFS

Index